Section 232 Tariff Rates: Every Product Covered and What You Pay

What Products Are Subject to Section 232 Tariffs?

Section 232 tariffs currently cover eight product categories: steel and aluminum (50%), automobiles and auto parts (25%), copper (50% on most articles, 25% on a listed subset), timber, lumber and wood products (10% to 25%), semiconductors (25%), patented pharmaceuticals and their ingredients (100% default with lower tiers by country and company, in force since July 31, 2026 for the companies listed in Annex III and from September 29, 2026 for all other companies), and drones and UAS components (100% or 25%, in force since September 3, 2026). Robotics remains under investigation. Commercial aircraft and processed critical minerals have proclamations that direct negotiations rather than duties. Unlike IEEPA tariffs, Section 232 tariffs were not affected by the February 2026 Supreme Court ruling and remain in full force.

Primary source: CBP Section 232 Steel and Aluminum FAQs, the official agency guidance on covered HTS codes and rates.

What Are the Current Section 232 Tariff Rates?

The rates range from 10% to 100% depending on the product category. Patented pharmaceuticals carry a 100% default rate under Proclamation 11020 and covered drones up to 100% under Proclamation 11055. Steel and aluminum were raised to 50% in June 2025. Automobile tariffs are 25% for most countries, with reduced rates of 10-15% for countries with bilateral trade deals. Semiconductor tariffs at 25% took effect January 15, 2026 and cover a narrow range of advanced computing chips.

Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 authorizes the President to impose tariffs on imports that "threaten to impair the national security." The Commerce Department conducts an investigation, and if it finds a threat, the President has broad authority to set tariff rates and scope. Since 2025, the administration has dramatically expanded the use of Section 232, initiating multiple new investigations and raising rates on existing covered products.

Last updated: September 18, 2026

Complete Section 232 Product Table

Product Category	Tariff Rate	Effective Date	USMCA Exempt?	Key HTS Chapters
Steel (all forms)	50%	June 4, 2025 (raised from 25%)	No	Ch. 72, 73
Steel derivatives	50% (Annex I-A) or 25% (Annex I-B) on the full customs value; 10% where the steel was melted and poured in the U.S.	Full-value basis since April 6, 2026 (Proclamation 11021)	No	Various, via Ch. 99
Aluminum (all forms)	50%	June 4, 2025 (raised from 25%)	No	Ch. 76
Aluminum derivatives	50% (Annex I-A) or 25% (Annex I-B) on the full customs value; 10% where the aluminum was smelted and cast in the U.S.	Full-value basis since April 6, 2026 (Proclamation 11021)	No	Various, via Ch. 99
Passenger vehicles	25%	March 2025	USMCA carve-out for qualifying vehicles	Ch. 87
Light trucks	25%	March 2025	USMCA carve-out	Ch. 87
Auto parts	25%	2025	USMCA carve-out for qualifying parts	Ch. 87
Medium/heavy-duty vehicles	25%	2025	Limited exemptions	Ch. 87
Copper (most articles and derivatives)	50% on most copper articles (Annex I-A), 25% on the copper articles listed in Annex I-B, on the full customs value	August 1, 2025 (Proclamation 10962); full-value tiers since April 6, 2026 (Proclamation 11021)	No	Ch. 74, plus listed Ch. 85 wire lines with smelt and cast reporting (see Copper Details)
Softwood timber and lumber	10%	October 14, 2025 (Proclamation 10976)	No (USMCA not exempt)	Ch. 44
Upholstered wooden products	25%, rising to 30% on January 1, 2027 unless an agreement intervenes (delayed a year by Proclamation 11000)	October 14, 2025	No	Annex I to Proclamation 10976
Kitchen cabinets, vanities and their parts	25%, rising to 50% on January 1, 2027 unless an agreement intervenes	October 14, 2025	No	Annex I to Proclamation 10976
Semiconductors (advanced)	25%	January 15, 2026 (Proclamation 11002)	No	Ch. 85
Patented pharmaceuticals and ingredients	100% combined with the Column 1 rate (9903.04.60); 15% combined for Japan, EU, South Korea, Switzerland and Liechtenstein; 10% for the UK; 20% for approved onshoring plans; 0% for generics, listed specialty products and MFN-pricing companies	July 31, 2026 for companies in Annex III; September 29, 2026 for all others (Proclamation 11020)	No	Ch. 29, 30; 9903.04.60 to 9903.04.69
Drones and UAS, Annex I (UAS over 25 kg, thermal-imaging UAS, docking stations, listed critical components)	100%	September 3, 2026 (Proclamation 11055)	No	8806, 8807, listed 8504.40 and 8537.10 lines; 9903.08.21
Drones and UAS, Annex II (UAS at or under 25 kg without thermal imaging)	25%	September 3, 2026	No	8806; 9903.08.22
UAS components, Annex III	25%	February 9, 2027	No	9903.08.22 from that date

Steel and Aluminum Details

The original 2018 Section 232 tariffs were 25% on steel and 10% on aluminum. In March 2025, all country exemptions and most product exclusions were eliminated. In June 2025, rates were raised to 50% for both metals. The tariffs cover:

All basic steel and aluminum products (sheets, plates, bars, rods, wire, pipes, tubes)
Steel and aluminum derivatives (products containing steel or aluminum content)
Since April 6, 2026, the Section 232 duty on derivative products applies to the full customs value of the product regardless of metal content (Proclamation 11021). The earlier metal-content method, with the reciprocal tariff on the remainder, no longer applies, and the Section 122 surcharge that once covered the remainder expired on July 24, 2026

Penn Wharton Budget Model data shows steel and aluminum products face the highest effective tariff rate at 41.1% across all product categories.

Automobile and Auto Parts Details

The 25% Section 232 tariff on autos was based on a 2019 Commerce Department finding that auto imports threatened national security. Key details:

Applies to passenger vehicles, light trucks, and certain parts
USMCA carve-out: Qualifying USMCA parts for passenger vehicles may be exempt from Section 232 under HTS 9903.94.06
Negotiated rates: South Korea, Japan, and the EU have bilateral deals reducing the auto tariff to 10-15%
The UK received a 10% rate under its trade deal
Medium and heavy-duty vehicles (MHDVs) and buses are covered under a separate Section 232 action

For a deeper dive on auto parts, see our published guide: Section 232 Auto Parts Tariffs: Inclusions Process, Offsets, and What Importers Need to Know.

Semiconductor Details

The January 2026 Section 232 semiconductor tariff covers a narrow range of advanced computing chips, primarily those exceeding specific Total Processing Performance (TPP) and DRAM bandwidth thresholds. Key exemptions:

Chips imported for U.S. infrastructure and development purposes
Use-based exclusions with required documentation
Products already subject to the semiconductor tariff are exempt from other Section 232 tariffs, and were exempt from Section 122 while that surcharge was in force (it expired July 24, 2026)

For a detailed analysis, see our published guide: The Section 232 Semiconductor Tariff: What Importers and Tech Companies Need to Know.

Copper Details

Proclamation 10962 of July 30, 2025 (90 FR 37727) imposed 50% on semi-finished copper products and intensive copper derivatives from August 1, 2025. Proclamation 11021 of April 2, 2026 moved the metals regime to the full customs value from April 6, 2026, at 50% for most copper articles (Annex I-A) and 25% for the copper articles listed in Annex I-B. Two CBP reporting rules now sit on top of the rate:

Since July 30, 2026, entries under 8544.42.10, 8544.42.20, 8544.42.90 and 8544.49.10 from every origin except the U.S. must report the primary country of smelt and the country of cast on the entry summary line, with "OTH" allowed where the country is unknown (CSMS #69252300)
Since September 14, 2026, ACE rejects entry summaries that omit those fields, returning fatal error F794 when the required 54 record type 12 is missing (CSMS #69711865)

Pharmaceutical Details

Proclamation 11020 of April 2, 2026 (91 FR 18183) imposed Section 232 duties on patented pharmaceuticals and their associated ingredients. The structure:

100% default, set as a combined rate so the Column 1 duty plus the Section 232 duty equals 100% (heading 9903.04.60)
15% combined for products of Japan, the EU, South Korea, Switzerland and Liechtenstein (9903.04.62); 10% for the United Kingdom (9903.04.63)
20% for companies with an onshoring plan approved by Commerce (9903.04.64), rising to 100% on April 2, 2030; CBP's guidance notes no company was yet eligible
0% for generics and biosimilars (9903.04.67), for listed specialty categories such as orphan drugs and cell and gene therapies (9903.04.66), and for Annex II companies holding both an onshoring agreement and an MFN pricing agreement, through January 20, 2029 (9903.04.65)
Effective dates: July 31, 2026 for the companies listed in Annex III; September 29, 2026 for all other companies. Between those dates, other companies file the zero-duty heading 9903.04.61.

CBP collects these duties in addition to any FTA preference rate. Filing instructions are in CSMS #69395344.

Drone and UAS Details

Proclamation 11055 of August 13, 2026 (91 FR 53699) imposed Section 232 duties on unmanned aircraft systems and components for entries on or after 12:01 a.m. ET on September 3, 2026:

100% on UAS with a maximum take-off weight above 25 kg, UAS that integrate thermal imagers, UAS docking stations and the critical components listed in Annex I (heading 9903.08.21)
25% on UAS at or below 25 kg without thermal imaging, listed in Annex II (heading 9903.08.22)
25% on the additional UAS components listed in Annex III, from February 9, 2027
Country caps: no higher than 15% including the Column 1 rate for products of Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and EU members, and 10% for the United Kingdom, but only where substantially all critical components and technology are certified as products of those jurisdictions or the U.S. CBP's guidance says not to report duties under the capped headings 9903.08.23 and 9903.08.24 until further notice (CSMS #69738151)
Onshoring: 0% for imports under an approved onshoring plan (9903.08.25, which expires February 9, 2027, and 9903.08.26, pending a Federal Register process)

The duties apply in addition to any other duties, and CBP collects them on top of any FTA preference rate.

How Section 232 Interacts with Other Tariffs

Section 232 tariffs follow specific stacking rules that differ by product category:

Scenario	What Stacks	What Doesn't Stack
Steel/aluminum product from China	MFN + Section 232 (50%) + China-list Section 301	The Section 301 forced-labor duties of July 24, 2026 do not apply to Section 232 articles (Note 52(f)); Section 122 expired July 24, 2026
Auto parts from non-USMCA country	MFN + Section 232 (25%) + China-list Section 301 (if China)	Forced-labor Section 301 does not apply to Section 232 auto parts (Note 52(f))
Semiconductor from any country	MFN + Section 232 semiconductor (25%)	Other Section 232 tariffs do not stack; forced-labor Section 301 does not apply (Note 52(f))
Steel derivative from Canada	50% or 25% on the full customs value since April 6, 2026	USMCA does not exempt steel from Section 232; for the Annex I-C articles in Proclamation 11032, USMCA-qualifying goods pay 25% on non-U.S. content with a 15% floor through December 31, 2027
Canadian dairy, alcoholic beverage or motor vehicle product on the Section 338 list	MFN + 50% Section 338 (since August 22, 2026), plus Section 232 where both apply	As issued, Section 338 carved out Section 232 articles (heading 9903.03.15); since September 15, 2026 the alcoholic beverage and motor vehicle duties apply in addition to Section 232 (Proclamations 11064 and 11065). See the Canada import guide

GingerControl's Tariff Calculator handles all Section 232 stacking rules automatically, including derivative product calculations and USMCA interaction for auto parts. Enter your HTS code and see every duty component.

Section 232 Investigations That Have Not Produced Duties

Two investigations this page once listed as pending, pharmaceuticals and drones, have produced duties and now sit in the main table. Three have not, as of September 18, 2026:

Product	Status	Rate
Robotics and industrial machinery	Investigation opened; Commerce published its request for comments on September 26, 2025. No proclamation.	None
Commercial aircraft, jet engines and parts	Proclamation 11040 of July 9, 2026 directed negotiations with trading partners for 180 days rather than duties	None
Processed critical minerals and derivatives	Proclamation 11001 of January 14, 2026 directed negotiations for 180 days and reserved other measures	None

GingerControl is a trade compliance AI platform that helps importers, exporters, and customs brokers classify products, simulate tariff costs, and track policy changes. The Tariff Calculator is updated as new Section 232 tariffs take effect.

FAQ

Are Section 232 tariffs affected by the Supreme Court ruling?

No. The February 2026 Supreme Court ruling struck down IEEPA tariffs only. Section 232 tariffs are authorized under the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, a separate statutory authority that was not challenged. All Section 232 tariffs remain in full force.

Does USMCA exempt Canadian and Mexican steel from Section 232?

No. USMCA does not exempt steel, aluminum, copper, lumber, semiconductors, pharmaceuticals or drones from Section 232 tariffs. The USMCA-related relief under Section 232 is limited to qualifying auto parts for passenger vehicles and light trucks, plus a narrow tier under Proclamation 11032 where USMCA-qualifying Annex I-C aluminum and steel articles pay 25% on non-U.S. content with a 15% floor through December 31, 2027. All other Section 232 products from Canada and Mexico face the full tariff rate.

What is the Section 232 tariff on steel from all countries?

50% ad valorem on all steel products and their derivatives, effective June 4, 2025. All country exemptions were eliminated in March 2025. Since April 6, 2026, derivative products pay the Section 232 rate on the full customs value regardless of steel content (Proclamation 11021), at 50% for Annex I-A articles and 25% for Annex I-B articles.

Do Section 232 and Section 301 tariffs stack?

Yes for the China-list Section 301 duties: if a product is both Section 232-covered and on a China list (Chinese steel, for example), both apply, which can push effective rates past 75% on certain Chinese steel and aluminum products. No for the Section 301 forced-labor duties that took effect July 24, 2026: Note 52(f) excludes articles subject to Section 232 from that layer. The Section 122 surcharge expired July 24, 2026.

How do I know if my product is covered by Section 232?

Check your HTS code against CBP's Section 232 FAQ pages for steel/aluminum, and CBP guidance for autos, copper, lumber, semiconductors, pharmaceuticals and drones. GingerControl's Tariff Calculator automatically identifies Section 232 coverage based on HTS code.

Are pharmaceuticals subject to Section 232 tariffs?

Yes. Proclamation 11020 of April 2, 2026 imposed a 100% Section 232 duty on patented pharmaceuticals and their ingredients, set as a combined rate with the Column 1 duty, with 15% combined for Japan, the EU, South Korea, Switzerland and Liechtenstein, 10% for the UK, 20% for approved onshoring plans and 0% for generics and listed specialty products. It took effect July 31, 2026 for the companies listed in Annex III and applies to all other companies from September 29, 2026.

What is the Section 232 tariff on drones?

Proclamation 11055 of August 13, 2026 imposed 100% on UAS above 25 kg, thermal-imaging UAS, docking stations and listed critical components, and 25% on UAS at or below 25 kg, for entries on or after September 3, 2026. A further 25% on the Annex III components starts February 9, 2027. Rates are capped at 15% including Column 1 for Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Switzerland, Liechtenstein and the EU, and 10% for the UK, subject to certification of component origin.

Check Your Section 232 Exposure

Section 232 tariffs are the highest tariff rates in the current U.S. system, reaching 50% on steel, aluminum and copper and 100% on covered pharmaceuticals and drones. GingerControl's Tariff Calculator covers the Section 232 steel, aluminum and copper layers with transparent breakdowns and stacking rules. Try it free →

GingerControl is not just a tool. We work with importers and trade compliance teams on process consulting, digital transformation strategy, and end-to-end custom system development. Talk to our team →

References

[REF 1] CRS, Presidential 2025 Tariff Actions Timeline Data cited: Section 232 rates by product, USMCA exemptions, negotiated auto rates, investigation timeline Source: CRS R48549 Published: 2026

[REF 2] CRS, Expanded Section 232 Tariffs on Steel and Aluminum Data cited: Steel/aluminum raised to 50% June 2025, country exemption elimination, derivative stacking rules Source: CRS IN12519 Published: 2025

[REF 3] Penn Wharton Budget Model, Effective Tariff Rates Data cited: Steel/aluminum ETR at 41.1%, highest across product categories Source: Penn Wharton Published: March 16, 2026

[REF 4] CBP, Section 232 Steel and Aluminum FAQs Data cited: HTS code coverage, stacking procedures, derivative calculations Source: CBP Published: Current

[REF 5] Global Trade Alert, US Tariff Stacking Explained Data cited: Derivative stacking procedure, timber tariff ranges, semiconductor non-stacking rules Source: Global Trade Alert Published: 2025

[REF 6] Federal Register, Proclamation 11020 of April 2, 2026, Adjusting Imports of Pharmaceuticals and Pharmaceutical Ingredients Data cited: 100% default rate, 15% and 10% country tiers, 20% onshoring tier, generic exclusion, July 31 and September 29, 2026 effective dates Source: 91 FR 18183 Published: April 9, 2026

[REF 7] Federal Register, Proclamation 11055 of August 13, 2026, Adjusting Imports of Unmanned Aircraft Systems and Components Data cited: 100% and 25% tiers, September 3, 2026 and February 9, 2027 effective dates, 15% and 10% country caps Source: 91 FR 53699 Published: August 19, 2026

[REF 8] Federal Register, Proclamation 10976 of September 29, 2025 and Proclamation 11000 of December 31, 2025, timber, lumber and derivative products Data cited: 10% and 25% rates, October 14, 2025 effective date, step-up delayed to January 1, 2027 Source: 90 FR 48127 and 91 FR 1039 Published: October 6, 2025 and January 9, 2026

[REF 9] Federal Register, Proclamation 11021 of April 2, 2026 and Proclamation 11032 of June 1, 2026, aluminum, steel and copper Data cited: full customs value from April 6, 2026, Annex I-A and I-B tiers, U.S.-origin metal tier, USMCA non-U.S.-content tier Source: 91 FR 18201 and 91 FR 34085 Published: April 9, 2026 and June 4, 2026

[REF 10] CBP, CSMS #69395344 and CSMS #69738151 Data cited: Chapter 99 headings 9903.04.60 to 9903.04.69 and 9903.08.20 to 9903.08.26, filing instructions, capped headings held pending guidance Source: CSMS #69395344 and CSMS #69738151 Published: 2026

[REF 11] CBP, CSMS #69252300 and CSMS #69711865 Data cited: copper smelt and cast country reporting from July 30, 2026, ACE rejection with error F794 from September 14, 2026 Source: CSMS #69252300 and CSMS #69711865 Published: 2026

[REF 12] Federal Register, Proclamation 11040 of July 9, 2026 and Proclamation 11001 of January 14, 2026 Data cited: negotiations rather than duties on commercial aircraft and on processed critical minerals Source: 91 FR 43507, aircraft and 91 FR 2439, critical minerals Published: July 15, 2026 and January 20, 2026